SKU: 70394594958

Free Blacks on the Frederick County, Virginia Personal Property Tax Lists, 1793-1862

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Free Blacks on the Frederick County, Virginia Personal Property Tax Lists, 1793-1862The author has abstracted the information for free African Americans in Frederick County, Virginia and has arranged them into nine categories: Year; last name; first name; age; occupation [only given infrequently on the rolls]; spouse [infrequent]; property description & value; district in which taxpayer resided; notes [oftentimes describing the exact location of the taxpayer or his former owners if freed in recent decades]. This volume is provided in

The author has abstracted the information for free African-Americans in Frederick County, Virginia and has arranged them into nine categories:
Year;
last name;
first name;
age;
occupation [only given infrequently on the rolls];
spouse [infrequent];
property description & value;
district in which taxpayer resided;
notes [oftentimes describing the exact location of the taxpayer or his former owners if freed in recent decades].

This volume is provided in three separate arrangements to facilitate genealogical research by African-American families; 1) chronologically by year; 2) sorted by last name of the individual; and 3) sorted by first name.

A similar volume is in preparation for the town of Winchester, which was taxed separately from Frederick County.

Information recorded in Virginia personal property tax records provide a wealth of information regarding the social status of an individual. The early laws required the tax commissioner in each district to record in "a fair alphabetical list" the names of the person chargeable with the tax, the names of white male tithables over the age of twenty-one, the number of white male tithables between ages sixteen and twenty-one, the number of slaves both above and below age sixteen, various types of animals such as horses and cattle, carriage wheels, ordinary licenses, and even billiard tables. Free Negroes are listed by name and often denoted in the list as "free" or "FN." By the 1850s, the personal property tax records contained detailed descriptions of personal property owned.

The most frequent use of personal property tax records is for the direct information recorded: name of the property owner, type and quantity of property owned, and amount of tax paid. Comparative analysis of personal property tax records from year to year may lead to conclusions about social, economic, and agricultural history, as well as the status of certain individuals or groups of property owners within a locality.

For genealogical researchers, personal property tax records may provide important data. Individuals with the same names in a locality may be distinguished by a junior or senior, residence in different tax districts, or geographical location. Parentage may be expressly or implicitly stated by either the name or number of male tithables between the ages of sixteen and twenty-one in the household of the taxpayer. The names of women appear occasionally when owning property in their own right or as the widow of a property owner. By studying the lists from year to year, researchers may trace an ancestor to determine the date of departure from a locality, or possibly the year of death. The name of a taxpayer will continue on the tax list, noted as "deceased" or "estate," until the estate is settled.

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SKU: 70394594958

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Amazon Customer
Lake Worth, US
★★★★★ 5
Ideal speaker wall mounts
Size: Standard--black
These speaker mounts were better than expected for the price. The mounts hold the speakers securely also tilt and swivel to get the sound where needed. Well thought out design, easy to mount, looks great also. Mounting hardware was included. I would purchase again.
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Reviewed in the United States on December 26, 2025
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Bret BigDawg
Grantham, US
★★★★★ 5
Well made, sturdy, and work great!
Work great for our KEF bookshelf speakers, would definitely buy again!
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Reviewed in the United States on April 28, 2026
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Colby D. May
Carnegie, US
★★★★★ 4
Almost perfect, absolutely fit for purpose, and a great value
Size: Standard--black
These are really, really close to being five stars, but because of my OCD tendencies when it comes to things being true and level, I can only go four. The way these mounts are made, speakers rest inside and on the inner surface of the L-shaped adjustable side brackets, and not on the large metal plate between them. Leveling on the fore-and-aft plane can easily be handled via the adjustment nut on the bottom of the bracket. But there is no provision for side-to-side leveling, so if the manufacturing of the side brackets is not within tolerance, you'll wind up with a speaker that's ever-so-slightly wonky...which is the case with ONE of my mounts. The bubble is still between the lines, but it's kissing the left line. Most would not care about this, and I'm not too bummed about it, but I am able to see that much out-of-true with the naked eye. It's not enough to pursue any kind of remediation, because the value on these really is awfully good. They are solidly built, easy to install, and easy to adjust. The manufacturer is apparently improving the product as they go based on feedback, as some issues that have vexed other owners have not been a problem for me, such as the wall plates being or coming loose (the design now ensures they stay put once pushed back to the wall), or the adjustment nut and bolt rotating freely and not staying tight (the ones on mine are great and function as intended). For the price, these are really hard to beat, and I have a feeling all the mounts like this with the different oddly-named brands are made in the same factory. That being the case, get the cheapest ones, and the day I bought mine, these were those.
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Reviewed in the United States on September 15, 2025
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Seth Johnson
Louisville, US
★★★★★ 5
Solid and easy to install
Size: Standard--black
These are nice, solid wall mounts. They assembled quickly and easily, and they can hold larger bookshelf speakers like my Cambridge Soundworks M60s. Adjusting the plate to match speaker size is pretty easy, and they seem to grip the speaker tight enough that they won't fall off. The tilt option is very useful and a good feature when speakers are mounted high and need to tilt down toward the listener. Just remember to tighten the bolt on the bottom once you've positioned it where you want it. I would definitely recommend these to anyone looking for solid, well priced speaker mounts.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 30, 2025
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Mark K
Battle Creek, US
★★★★★ 5
Well made. Easy install.
Size: Standard--black, Size: Standard--black
These were easy to install. All the hardware was included. They look good. Seems well made.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 4, 2026

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